Introduction In the period prior to 1990’s, when the Controller of Capital Issues (CCI) was the authority for approving the IPO, a fixed price mechanism was in place for sourcing funds. In the era of free pricing, when the companies were allowed to price their issues based on investor sentiments,...
Introduction We shall discuss in detail the preliminary stages of initiating the IPO process. The development of the prospectus is preceded by activities such as due diligence, analyzing the structural, legal and organizational issues. The prospectus contains critical information on the company and its activities, as well as the project...
The economy of a country depends on the fundamental mechanism of savings and investment of financial capital, leading to sustainable growth and development. The impetus for the economic activities as a result of the flow of funds is provided by entities that have surplus to other entities seeking funds. For...
Contract theory studies the mechanism by which economic entities undertake contractual obligations in the presence of information asymmetry – which can in turn lead to adverse selection and moral hazard. Information Asymmetry: This refers to the situation when one party to a transaction has superior information as compared to the...
The Random Walk Theory states that stock market’s price movement will not follow any specific pattern or trends and that past price movements cannot be used to predict future price movements. Stock prices fluctuate in a random and unpredictable path. The random walk theory is a school of thought that...
The growth in the financial markets has been impacted by major developments in information technology, resulting in automation of trading systems and settlement processes. This has facilitated faster transactions with capital flows across continents. Globalization of economies and free trade has resulted in increased interlinkages. Advent of sophisticated financial instrument...
